However, this defense mechanism can inadvertently amplify mtROS production within host mitochondria, leading to oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage (Sobn et al., 2025)
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4.3 Neurodegenerative diseases Since individuals with DS are prone to elevated levels of oxidative stress at an early age and consequent accumulation of ROS, which are cytotoxic byproducts of normal mitochondrial metabolism, there is an insufficient defense of endogenous antioxidants
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