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Biochemical analyses were performed on the paw tissues of 6 rats randomly taken from the experimental groups, each containing 8 rats
We then performed 10,000 bootstrap draws: in each permutation we sampled (with replacement) 11 aquatic nodes from this pool, recalculated the evolutionary rate ( R boot = total novel HG counts divided by total divergence time) and recorded the value, producing a null distribution of novel gene rates in aquatic nodes
The remaining G1, G3, G1C, G2C, and G3C plants showed a marginal decline by 1.01 fold, 1.06 fold, 1.55 fold, 1.35 fold and 1.59 fold in comparison to control plants
Furthermore, TNF production was reduced by 70% in 3 integrin-deficient macrophages (BMDMs from 3 +/ mice) following IAV infection compared to controls (Fig