1939-45 Star _upsell_national-emergency-medal In 1930 the Cross was

In 1930 the Cross was extended to Lieutenant Commanders and Commanders and in 1931 to officers of the Merchant Navy

the United Arab Republic

It was instituted by King George VI

Since the medal is awarded by operational commanders

or in specific operations that do not fall under the broader peacekeeping framework

1939-45 Star _upsell_national-emergency-medal In 1930 the Cross wasThe 1939 45 Star (39 45 STAR) is awarded for operational service between 3 September 1939 and 2 September 1945 for: a period of six months (180 days) operational service for RAN and Army personnel and RAAF non air crew personnel; a period of two months operational service for air crew personnel; a period of six months service at sea for Merchant Navy provided at least one voyage was made through one of the specified areas of active operations. The