Tokuyama K, Kuo HP, Rohde JA, Barnes PJ, Rogers DF
In this study, the team chose to investigate the role of a neurotransmitter called vasoactive intestinal peptide, as it has previously been linked to anti-inflammatory effects, meaning it could have a protective effect on disc tissue
They vary with concentration, exposure duration and experimental model, and are not established effects in humans or animals
Air carries particulates and moisture that denature lyophilised peptides on contact, reducing bioavailability by up to 25%
Pain or Tenderness at the Injection Spot Lipotropic injections are sent into the body through a needle, and following the injection, it is possible to experience some pain and tenderness at the point of injection