VPA is available as oral immediate-release, enteric-coated and delayed-release preparations, and as an intravenous formulation
We are just now reaching the precipice where five- and 10-year follow-up data are becoming available for patients taking GLP-1 medications, said Muaaz Wajahahth, a fourth-year medical student at Michigan State University College of Human Medicine and primary investigator of, GLP Receptor Agonist Use is Associated with Increased Risk of Osteoporosis, Gout and Osteomalacia in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity. Any medication that sees this rapid adoption warrants close examination, particularly in orthopaedics where obesity and surgical intervention often overlap, and when the long-term effects of GLP-1 RA exposure on bone and joint health remain poorly understood. At the same time, researchers are examining how GLP-1 use may affect recovery rates after orthopaedic surgery
That means they can be sold legally, but they have not been through the same safety and efficacy assessment as licensed medicines
a 2025 systematic review noted critical safety data gaps)
Direct comparisons with semaglutide or tirzepatide should be interpreted with caution, as no head-to-head trials have been conducted