18 Unlike some other copper containing compounds like copper chloride or copper acetate, GHK-Cu has not been found to be cytotoxic or to cause irritation topically, making it an ideal option for delivery of copper into the skin
The pivotal STEP trials, which evaluated semaglutide for weight management, did not identify palpitations as a common adverse effect, though individual patient experiences may vary
It's more budget-friendly and widely prescribed, though it typically works at a slower pace and can sometimes lead to gastrointestinal discomfort
Additionally, patients administered L-carnitine had a lower incidence of severe heart failure, left ventricular hypertrophy, arrhythmias, and total cardiac events, including mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarctions, compared to those receiving placebo (Singh et al
Biochemistry 64 , 44774486 (2025)