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CX, YC, QY, JS, and YJ collected the literature, wrote the manuscript, and made the figures
Similarly, depletion of the microbiota by antibiotic(s) did not yield consistent outcomes
Others fear they will try and fail again
4 Impact of Spatial Segregation in the Gut on Obesity and T2D The intestinal barrier (compare insert in Figure 1 ) is a complex system comprising (i) an immunological barrier, which consists of immune cells, cytokines and IgA as discussed in the previous section, (ii) a chemical barrier, which is characterized by antimicrobial secretions and (iii) a physical barrier, which involves spatial segregation through mucus and epithelial cells that provide a barrier through intercellular tight junctions
These results significantly exceed what most people achieve with diet and exercise alone
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