These effects are likely due to glutathiones ability to reduce oxidative stress and protect liver cells from damage
We use lower case italic abbreviations in the differential equations and other formulas so that they are easy to read and are not confused with enzyme names which are in caps
Plant Cell Physiol 25:8592 Jahan A, Iqbal M, Shafiq F, Malik A, Javed MT (2021) Influence of foliar glutathione and putrescine on metabolism and mineral status of genetically diverse rapeseed cultivars under hexavalent chromium stress
Generic structure of the amino acids that make up peptides and proteins
Moreover, TMAO activated the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and small heterodimer partner (SHP), downregulating the expression of hepatic BA synthase cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 (CYP7A1), cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 (CYP27A1), and BA transporter organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) in ApoE -/- mice (70)