bpc 157 spray vs oral bpc-157 intranasal administration study nasal dosage injection efficacy Peptide: Injectable, Oral, and Delivery Methods Compared — Which Is Right for Your Goal? Dosage: A Doctor's – BPC-157 Nasal oral bpc 157 vs injection

[4] The proposed mechanism of action, based only on preclinical animal studies, involves potential modulation of growth factor pathways, particularly vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may promote angiogenesisthe formation of new blood vessels

Unlike conventional treatments that simply reduce acid production, BPC-157 works to repair the physical mechanisms that allow acid to escape into the esophagus

Together, the theory is that they create a more complete healing environment

Dong Rak Kwon and GI Young Park, Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model, Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, Volume 45, July-August 2015

BPC-157 is a synthetic pentadecapeptide, originally identified from a protective protein fraction in human gastric fluid, but it is not produced naturally in the human body