These investigations remain limited to mechanistic and molecular analysis , without drawing conclusions related to clinical outcomes
These include pro-angiogenic molecules: growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha transcription factor (HIF-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-B), transforming growth factor (TGF-), fibroblast growth factor, placental growth factor (PlGF), interleukins, as well as anti-angiogenic factors: angiostatin, endostatin, thrombospondins 1 and 2 (Qiang et al
Endocrine systems
Cellular senescence can be managed by inclusion of dietary entities that can clear senescent cells (senolytic action), rein the SASP response (senomorphic action) or facilitate re-entry to cell cycle (senoreversal)
GHK-Cu acts via dermal papilla stem cells and matrix