Exposure to IH can promote a pro-oxidant state (i.e., increased oxidative stress) and has differential effects on early neural precursors and adult-born neurons 18
A 2025 study found GHK-Cu combined with minoxidil produced 35% terminal hair growth versus 18% with minoxidil alone
Chief among them: no controlled human safety data exist for the co-formulated blend, ghrelin-receptor desensitization over time is poorly characterized, sustained IGF-I elevation is a theoretical concern that has not been evaluated for this product, and GH secretagogues can affect glucose and insulin sensitivity
Finally, regulatory and protective measures must be explored to protect aquatic environments against drug contamination
Sugimoto Y, Tsukahara S, Sato S, Suzuki M, Nunoi H, Malech HL et al