Absorption at the source The nasal lining contains a dense network of blood vessels, allowing certain compounds to be absorbed without passing through the digestive system first
There are now 8 approved medications in this class, including the newest tirzepatide which also acts on the GIP receptors
Several of these metabolites have already been explored as candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets in preclinical studies [165]
"As the science evolves, we are achieving a deeper understanding of how weight loss, and treatment with these medications, can improve outcomes across diverse patient populations with obesity." A secondary analysis of the SUMMIT trial looked at the effect of tirzepatide on cardiac structure and function in 106 patients from the main SUMMIT study with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity
Bhamidimarri PM, Alhosani K, Cai H, Al-Ali H, Abukhaled YM, Tawamie H, Abdelaziz S, Fawaz M, Kashir J, Sajjad Y, Mohiyiddeen L, Fakih M, Hamdan H (2026) Review on the role of hippocampus in Autism Spectrum Disorder: recent insights into neuropathology, genetics, and emerging therapeutic strategies