Glycoaminoglycan (GAG) deficiency in protective barrier as an underlying, primary cause of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease interstitial cystitis and possibly Reiter's syndrome
For patients seeking weight loss who request B12 injections, GPs should: Assess for genuine deficiency through appropriate blood tests rather than empirical treatment Provide education about the lack of evidence supporting B12 for weight loss in non-deficient individuals Explore underlying concerns about weight and energy levels, addressing these through appropriate channels Signpost to evidence-based resources such as NHS weight management services according to local pathways Patients should contact their GP if they experience unexplained fatigue, neurological symptoms (numbness, tingling, balance problems), or signs of anaemia (pallor, breathlessness, palpitations), as these may indicate B12 deficiency requiring investigation
Neuroprotective effects: One study suggested the peptide may counteract damage caused by paracetamol-induced convulsions and brain damage in rats (2)
It was discontinued in 2008 for manufacturing reasons, not safety concerns
Two B vitamins are credited with providing the greatest energy benefits