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It was first characterized by Predrag Sikiric and colleagues at the University of Zagreb in the early 1990s, and a 2025 literature and patent review cataloged its effects across gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and neural models

RELATED The Bottom Line Your body needs vitamin B12 to create red blood cells and DNA, and to keep your brain and nervous system in top shape

the only type of organisms that have the enzymes required for the synthesis of methylcobalamin are bacteria and archaea

Joint Health BPC-157 may help support healthy joints and the tissues surrounding them

If you accidentally freeze a vial, discard it