Previous research comparing intranasal cyanocobalamin to intramuscular hydroxocobalamin in cobalamin-deficient elderly individuals showed a swift increase in serum cobalamin levels following intranasal administration
Compromised BAC water mixing with a peptide protocol that costs significantly more is not worth the risk
History [edit] Descriptions of deficiency effects [edit] Between 1849 and 1887, Thomas Addison described a case of pernicious anemia, William Osler and William Gardner first described a case of neuropathy, Hayem described large red cells in the peripheral blood in this condition, which he called "giant blood corpuscles" (now called macrocytes), Paul Ehrlich identified megaloblasts in the bone marrow, and Ludwig Lichtheim described a case of myelopathy
Zhang Y, Li XW, Zhang Y, Li X (2025) Advances in research on mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases
There is no human trial to time this against