Int Immunopharmacol 2024;132:112013
Cellular viability Optimization of Sp concentration and its cytotoxicity parameters were established by treating of 1.5 10 5 HeLa or 1.2 10 5 SHSY-5Y cells with serial concentrations of the Sp (100 M1 mM) for 15 min or conducting a time-course (5 min48 h) using 250 M Sp, followed by MTT assay as per standard protocol (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
These trials did not just test tirzepatide against a placebo
Others prefer not to use medications long-term (12% of US adults have used GLP-1 medications in the past, Mozafariun et al, 2025)
Their actions on brain insulin signaling, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function likely contribute to improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognition, mood, and apathy, while maintaining a neutral effect on dyskinesias