E N D Presentation Transcript L-Carnitine Charisma Garcia NFSC 345 Introduction Background Purported Benefits Mechanism of Action Evidence of Benefits Conflicting Research Safety Concerns Professional Position L-Carnitine Essential for Energy Production Naturally Occurs in the Human Body Synthesized in the Liver & Kidneys Derived from the amino acid, Lysine Produces 11-34mg/day (Sufficient to meet all needs!) Dietary L-Carnitine Red meat, dairy, fish, wheat, asparagus, avocado Omnivorous diet: 20-200mg/day (~75% absorbed) No proof of Dietary need exists L-Carnitine as a Supplement Liquid form,Tablets & Capsules Typical Dose: 1000-6000 mg/day ~20% absorbed by the body Generally non-toxic Intended population: Athletes Dieters Purported Benefits Primary Systemic Carnitine Deficiency A recessive gene mutation Cardiovascular Disease Alzheimers Disease Chronic Fatigue In the Elderly Population In Cancer Patients Fat Loss No Evidence EXERCISE PERFORMANCE

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Animal studies first established efficacy comparable to 5% minoxidil, with documented increases in follicle size noted as early as 1993 research
Fourth, the risk of complications from rib injuries, particularly pneumonia from shallow breathing, creates urgency around recovery
The use of a monoclonal antibody targeting circulating ANGPTL3 (evinacumab: trade name Evkeeza) demonstrated promise at lowering circulating levels of LDL in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (designated HoFH) patients