Second, the cardiomyocyte dysfunction in ob/ob mice is partially attributed to the lack of leptin signaling in cardiomyocytes, as administration of leptin to cardiomyocytes ex-vivo rescues their pro-apoptotic phenotype (Trivedi et al., 2008) and restores their contractility ( 2.3.3 db/db mice (H 2 FPEF score 5) The leptin receptor-deficient, or diabetic ( db/db ) mice harbor a point mutation in the leptin receptor gene, altering its sensitivity to leptin( db / db mice display insulin resistance at younger age compared to humans, the late-stage manifestation of insulin secretion defect well approximates the pathogenesis of type II diabetes in human, making db / db mice a valuable model in exploring the combined contribution of obesity and type II diabetes to HFpEF
Lucas E, Simmons O, Tchang B, et al
2015 Jan-Feb;33(1 Suppl 88):S82-5
Keep all receipts and prescription documentation for your records
Proper injection techniques, site rotation, and skin preparation can minimize discomfort