HbA1c Once-weekly subcutaneous administration of tirzepatide dose-dependently reduced HbA1c levels across all studies using the combination of GLP-1 and GIP.2, 3, 4, 5, 6 The results of the SURPASS-2 study showed that individuals who had established T2DM and were treated with tirzepatide at doses ranging from 5 to 15 mg for a duration of 40 weeks experienced a reduction in HbA1c levels ranging from 2.09% to 2.46%.3 This reduction was higher than that observed in individuals treated with semaglutide (1 mg), who experienced a 1.86% reduction in HbA1c levels.3 Similarly, in the SURPASS-3 study, individuals who received tirzepatide at doses ranging from 5 to 15 mg for 52 weeks experienced a reduction in HbA1c levels ranging from 1.93% to 2.37%, which was higher than that observed in individuals treated with insulin degludec, who experienced a decrease of 1.34%.4 In Japanese individuals with T2DM, after 52 weeks of treatment, tirzepatide at doses ranging from 5 to 15 mg reduced HbA1c levels by 2.4%3.02%.27 Additionally, in this population, tirzepatide was more effective in controlling blood glucose levels than dulaglutide administered once weekly at a dose of 0.75 mg.27 Collectively, tirzepatide elicited a much stronger HbA1c-lowering effect in all the SURPASS programs compared with placebo or active comparators, including GLP-1 RA and basal insulin.2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 27 Table 1 summarizes the main findings of the SURPASS programs and details the HbA1c lowering efficacy of tirzepatide

[2] [14] Smoker's melanosis is a benign, normal physiological reaction, and does not develop into cancer
No Phase 1, Phase 2, or observational human study exists at the time of writing
Both compounds produce cardiovascular benefits that appear to outweigh the heart rate effect
This comprehensive training programme is designed to provide eligible practitioners with the theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to perform vitamin injection treatments safely and professionally