The primary endpoint was the incidence of MACEs (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure)
Intriguingly, in other organ systems, SLGT2 inhibitors also appear to drive changes that are potentially relevant to skeletal muscle dysfunction, for example, increasing lipolysis and ketogenesis, reducing inflammatory cytokines in liver [153], the aforementioned reduction in RAAS activity [154] and upregulation of AMPK via the sestrin pathway with consequent inhibition of mTOR in cardiac myocytes [153]
10.1210/jc.2011-0555 56 IwataN.HasegawaT.FujitaS.NagaoS.NakanoY.NadaT.et al (2018)
For example, growth hormone-releasing peptides such as CJC-1295 and ipamorelin stimulate the pituitary gland, increasing muscle growth, fat metabolism, and enhanced energy levels
Lancet 2010;375:22342243