Hold reta steady
BrightFocus Alzheimers Disease Research grantee Oleg Butovsky, PhD, presented data connecting APOE4 to changes in both the brains immune system and blood vessels
The proposed peptide-gene mechanism has three steps: the short peptide penetrates the cell and reaches the nucleus, binds specific DNA sequences, and thereby modulates gene transcription, possibly through epigenetic changes like altered DNA methylation
However, prolonged or high-dose ketamine exposure induces a compensatory upregulation of NMDARs, increasing intracellular calcium ion influx and ROS production, ultimately leading to neuronal apoptosis (Liu et al., 2013)
Tissue Biology Tissue biology research often focuses on how cells coordinate repair, maintain structural integrity, and respond to environmental challenges