Two skin biopsies were obtained from melasma area of right sides of two groups
Macronutrient These are required in large amounts and include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats/oils
Topical formulations (typically 0.1% to 2% concentration creams or serums) are applied directly to target tissue areas such as skin, scars, or joints
This activation significantly increased the Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio and cysteine-aspartate protease 3 (Caspase-3) expression, inhibited GPX4 and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) expression, increased MDA levels, and promoted apoptosis, ferroptosis, and lipid peroxidation in NSC-34 cells
However, human trials have not shown that it produces better hair-growth results than GHK-Cu