Beyond glycemic control and weight loss, GLP-1-based therapies exhibit broader biological effects, including improvements in lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory activity, reductions in oxidative stress, and favorable effects on vascular function and atherosclerosis, which contribute to cardiovascular risk reduction [2,3,4]
Just last week, Pfizer announced it had ended development of danuglipron following a case of liver injury during long term use
In 2025, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) issued a formal statement advising against the use of compounded incretins
Low testosterone may affect muscle and metabolism Low testosterone can contribute to reduced muscle mass, lower energy, increased body fat and difficulty losing belly weight
However, if the extra food consumed is not protein-rich, excessive calories are added, contributing to weight gain