Each of the statistical testing strategies were based on the following principles: For a specific dose of semaglutide tablets (e.g., SEM 14 mg), demonstration of superiority on A1C was required before testing for superiority based on other outcomes, such as body weight Establishment of superiority for A1C was required at all higher dosages before continuing testing at lower dosages Non-inferiority must be demonstrated for comparisons to active treatments (or placebo in the CVOT) before testing for superiority PIONEER 9 did not report the use of a testing strategy to control for type 1 error and PIONEER 10 did not adjust for multiplicity

Foods to prioritize and foods to avoid Prioritize: fatty fish (salmon, sardines, mackerel), eggs, full-fat dairy if tolerated, avocado, olive oil and coconut oil, beef and lamb, dark meat poultry, nuts and seeds in moderation (watch carb counts), low-starch vegetables (leafy greens, broccoli, cauliflower, zucchini, asparagus), and bone broth for both protein and electrolytes
[1] For example, if a 2 mL dose (full 200 mg thiamine, 200 mg niacinamide) is to be given IV, a nurse might mix it into 50 mL of saline and infuse over 15-30 minutes
If any signs of an allergic reaction occur, immediate medical attention should be sought [15]
These drugs are anticipated to overcome the challenges of oral semaglutide, most notably the substantial food-drug interactions and low oral bioavailability (0.4% to 1.0%)