Our results demonstrated that the response to DPP-IV inhibitor in prediabetes and T2D is influenced by the baseline endogenous GLP-1 levels as evidenced by the greater reduction in the HbA1c, FPG, AUC Glucose0-2h , as well as the glucose excursion seen in the high GLP-1 compared to the low GLP-1 groups in both the prediabetes and T2D populations
For example, a 2025 study showed an average loss of 7.9 to 12 lbs in PCOS patients
Intravenous Glutathione IV glutathione carries additional risks beyond oral supplementation [60]: Skin rashes Abdominal pain Thyroid dysfunction Liver dysfunction Kidney dysfunction and possible kidney failure Stevens-Johnson syndrome (rare) These risks have been documented particularly in the context of IV glutathione used for cosmetic skin lightening, where it may be administered repeatedly at high doses (600-2,400 mg per session) [60]
Most protocols run for 3 to 6 months, with periodic lab monitoring to track IGF-1 and metabolic markers
In the Methods, we explain why we take the multiplier, S , of the V max values of GCL and GPX to have the following dependence on estradiol, E 2: Thus, since male E 2 is 0.09 nM [26] , S = 1 for the male