Within the brain, vascular dysfunction, pathological alterations in the cellular environment, and microcirculatory hypoxia frequently act as instigators of neuroinflammation, often interconnecting in a complex web [103,104,105]
Hair follicle support is another documented benefit
Preferred injection sites The abdomen is the most common site, specifically the area around the navel but at least 2 inches away from it
Mechanistically, intra-articular AOD-9604 may stimulate synovial fibroblast proliferation or reduce inflammatory cytokine production in the synovial microenvironment, though direct effects on cartilage are unclear
What it does is reduce local inflammation, support the maintenance of remaining tissue, and in some cases improve synovial health in a way that changes the pain experience meaningfully