Exposure to saturated palmitate profoundly drives apoptosis in proximal tubular cells, as demonstrated by elevated cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cells, both of which are significantly reversed by supplementing monounsaturated oleate (107)
M.RoyS.VareechonC.CarrionS.ClarkH.Lopez-BergesM
As a result, pyridoxine deficiency can lead to relevant neuropsychiatric manifestations, such as reduced neurotransmitter synthesis, depression, epilepsy, premature aging of neurons, paresthesias, cerebrovascular diseases, cognitive impairment and carpal tunnel syndrome (4, 6, 11, 1618, 20, 58) In contrast, pyridoxine may have therapeutic potential for treating depression or aggressive behavior, since pyridoxine plays a crucial role in the tryptophan-serotonin pathway (61, 62)
The potentiation of ammonia toxicity by sodium benzoate is prevented by L-carnitine [PMID: 3593373] Laboratory literature summary: The potentiation of ammonia toxicity by sodium benzoate is prevented by L-carnitine
We maintained these cells in culture for up to 2 months until assays were performed